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238 lines
6.1 KiB
Markdown
238 lines
6.1 KiB
Markdown
# OSHA Hazard Communication Standard - 29 CFR 1926.59
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## General Requirements
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### Purpose:
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Ensure chemical hazard information is transmitted to employers and employees through comprehensive hazard communication program.
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### Scope:
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Applies to all construction work where employees may be exposed to hazardous chemicals under normal conditions or in foreseeable emergencies.
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## Written Hazard Communication Program
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### Required Elements:
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1. **Hazardous Chemical Inventory**: List of all hazardous chemicals in workplace
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2. **Safety Data Sheets (SDS)**: For each hazardous chemical
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3. **Container Labeling**: Identification and hazard warnings
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4. **Employee Information and Training**: Comprehensive program
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5. **Multi-Employer Coordination**: Information sharing procedures
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### Program Administration:
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- Designate responsible person
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- Review and update annually
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- Make available to employees
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- Include site-specific procedures
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## Chemical Inventory
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### Inventory Requirements:
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- Complete list of hazardous chemicals
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- Product identifiers matching SDS
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- Work area locations
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- Maximum quantities present
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- Update when chemicals added/removed
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### Information Sources:
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- Purchase records and invoices
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- SDS from suppliers
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- Physical inventory surveys
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- Contractor chemical lists
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## Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
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### SDS Requirements:
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- Must be readily accessible to employees
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- Available for each hazardous chemical
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- English language versions required
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- Updated within 90 days of new information
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### 16-Section Format:
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1. Identification
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2. Hazard(s) identification
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3. Composition/information on ingredients
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4. First-aid measures
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5. Fire-fighting measures
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6. Accidental release measures
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7. Handling and storage
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8. Exposure controls/personal protection
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9. Physical and chemical properties
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10. Stability and reactivity
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11. Toxicological information
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12. Ecological information
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13. Disposal considerations
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14. Transport information
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15. Regulatory information
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16. Other information
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### Availability:
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- Electronic or paper format acceptable
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- Accessible during each work shift
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- Available in work areas where chemicals present
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## Container Labeling
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### Primary Container Labels:
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- Product identifier
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- Signal word (Danger or Warning)
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- Hazard statement(s)
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- Precautionary statement(s)
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- Supplier identification
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### Secondary Container Requirements:
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- Transfer containers must be labeled
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- May use alternative labeling systems
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- Must identify contents and hazards
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- Temporary exemption for immediate use
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### Workplace Labeling Systems:
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- May supplement GHS labels
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- Can use symbols, words, or numbers
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- Must train employees on system
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- Include hazard warnings
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## Training Requirements
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### Initial Training Topics:
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- HazCom program overview
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- Hazardous chemical locations
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- How to read and use SDS
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- Label and marking systems
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- Physical and health hazards
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- Protective measures and PPE
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- Emergency response procedures
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### Additional Training Required:
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- When new hazardous chemicals introduced
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- When new hazard categories encountered
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- When employee changes job assignments
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- Periodic refresher training
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### Documentation:
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- Training records maintained
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- Employee attendance documented
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- Training content and dates recorded
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- Trainer qualifications documented
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## Multi-Employer Coordination
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### Information Sharing Requirements:
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- Hazardous chemicals brought to workplace
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- Precautionary measures needed
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- Labeling systems used
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- Emergency contact information
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### Contractor Responsibilities:
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- Provide SDS for chemicals brought on-site
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- Inform site supervisor of hazards
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- Follow site HazCom procedures
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- Train their employees appropriately
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## Physical and Health Hazards
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### Physical Hazards Include:
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- Explosives
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- Flammable gases/liquids/solids
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- Oxidizers
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- Compressed gases
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- Corrosive to metals
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### Health Hazards Include:
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- Carcinogens
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- Acute toxicity
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- Skin/eye irritation
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- Respiratory sensitizers
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- Target organ toxicity
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### Hazard Determination:
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- Review available scientific evidence
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- Consider mixtures and combinations
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- Evaluate exposure potential
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- Document decision rationale
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## Emergency Procedures
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### Emergency Information Required:
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- First aid measures for exposure
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- Fire suppression methods
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- Spill cleanup procedures
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- Emergency contact numbers
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- Medical surveillance requirements
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### Incident Response:
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- Immediate response procedures
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- Personnel evacuation plans
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- Emergency equipment locations
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- Medical treatment protocols
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- Regulatory notification requirements
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## Common Violations
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### Top HazCom Citations:
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1. Missing or inadequate SDS
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2. Improper container labeling
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3. Insufficient employee training
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4. No written HazCom program
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5. Poor multi-employer coordination
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### Compliance Tips:
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- Conduct regular chemical inventories
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- Maintain current SDS library
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- Implement consistent labeling
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- Provide comprehensive training
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- Document all program elements
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## Special Construction Considerations
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### Temporary Work Sites:
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- Portable SDS storage systems
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- Mobile training capabilities
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- Contractor coordination procedures
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- Site-specific hazard communication
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### Chemical Storage:
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- Segregation requirements
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- Secondary containment needs
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- Access control measures
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- Environmental protection
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### PPE Integration:
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- Coordinate with PPE program
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- Specify required protection levels
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- Address compatibility issues
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- Include in training materials
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## Program Evaluation
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### Regular Review Elements:
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- Chemical inventory accuracy
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- SDS completeness and currency
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- Training effectiveness
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- Labeling compliance
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- Employee understanding
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### Performance Indicators:
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- Incident rates involving chemicals
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- Training completion rates
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- SDS availability metrics
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- Employee knowledge assessments
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- Audit findings and corrections
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## Global Harmonization System (GHS)
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### GHS Implementation:
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- Standardized hazard classification
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- Uniform label elements
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- Consistent SDS format
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- International harmonization
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### Transition Requirements:
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- Chemical manufacturers/importers: 2015
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- Distributors: 2015-2016
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- Employers: 2016
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- Full compliance required
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### Benefits:
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- Improved hazard communication
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- Reduced trade barriers
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- Enhanced worker protection
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- Consistent global approach |