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125 lines
3.6 KiB
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125 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
# OSHA Fall Protection Standards - 29 CFR 1926.501
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## General Requirements
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### Coverage
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This standard applies to all construction work where employees are exposed to fall hazards.
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### Fall Protection Required At:
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- **6 feet or more above lower levels** for general construction work
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- **4 feet or more** for work on scaffolds
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- **8 feet or more** for work on ladders
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## Fall Protection Systems
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### Primary Systems:
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1. **Guardrail Systems**
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- Top rail height: 42 inches (±3 inches)
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- Mid rail height: 21 inches
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- Top rail capable of withstanding 200 lbs force
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2. **Safety Net Systems**
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- Must be installed as close as practicable under work surface
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- Maximum 30 feet below work surface
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- Extend 8 feet beyond edge or sufficient to arrest fall
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3. **Personal Fall Arrest Systems**
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- Full body harness required
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- Deceleration distance limited to 3.5 feet
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- Total fall distance limited to 6 feet
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### Anchorage Requirements:
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- Must support 5,000 lbs per employee
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- Or designed with safety factor of 2 and under supervision of qualified person
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## Specific Industry Applications
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### Roofing Work (Low-slope):
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- Conventional fall protection required at 6+ feet
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- Warning line systems acceptable under certain conditions
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- Safety monitoring systems as alternative in limited cases
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### Roofing Work (Steep-slope):
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- Guardrail systems, safety nets, or personal fall arrest systems required
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- No warning line system exceptions
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### Excavations:
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- Fall protection required for excavations 6+ feet deep
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- Walkways and ramps must have guardrails
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## Training Requirements
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### Employee Training Must Cover:
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- Nature of fall hazards in work area
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- Correct procedures for installation and use of systems
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- Proper construction and loading of systems
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- Standards contained in this section
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### Retraining Required When:
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- Changes in workplace render previous training obsolete
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- Inadequacies in employee knowledge or use of systems
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- Changes in fall protection systems
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## Inspection and Maintenance
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### Daily Inspections Required For:
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- Personal fall arrest equipment
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- Safety nets
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- Guardrail systems
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### Defective Equipment:
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- Must be removed from service immediately
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- Cannot be used until repaired and inspected by competent person
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## Competent Person Requirements
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### Duties Include:
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- Identify existing and predictable hazards
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- Authority to take prompt corrective measures
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- Inspect and maintain fall protection systems
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- Stop work when imminent danger exists
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### Qualifications:
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- Capable of identifying hazards
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- Authority to take corrective action
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- Training in fall protection systems
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## Common Violations and Compliance Tips
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### Top OSHA Citations:
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1. Inadequate or missing fall protection at 6+ feet
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2. Improper personal fall arrest system use
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3. Defective or inadequate guardrail systems
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4. Lack of proper training
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### Best Practices:
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- Conduct daily equipment inspections
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- Maintain inspection logs
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- Provide site-specific training
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- Plan fall protection before work begins
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- Have rescue procedures in place
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## Emergency Procedures
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### Rescue Plan Required:
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- Procedures for prompt rescue of fallen workers
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- Equipment and personnel readily available
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- Regular rescue drills conducted
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### Suspension Trauma:
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- Workers should not remain suspended for extended periods
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- Rescue must be initiated immediately after fall
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- Medical evaluation required after fall arrest
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## Documentation Requirements
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### Required Records:
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- Training documentation
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- Equipment inspection logs
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- Incident reports
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- Competent person certifications
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### Retention Period:
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- Training records: Duration of employment + 30 days
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- Inspection records: Until equipment replaced
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- Incident reports: 5 years minimum |